Causes of Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Sacroiliac joint pain can arise due to several factors, including-
- Trauma or Injury – Accidents, falls, or direct impacts can damage the SI joint, leading to inflammation and pain.
- Arthritis – Osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis can contribute to SI joint degeneration, causing stiffness and discomfort.
- Pregnancy and Childbirth – Hormonal changes during pregnancy loosen the ligaments supporting the SI joint, increasing mobility and potential pain.
- Leg Length Discrepancy – Uneven leg lengths can put excessive stress on one SI joint, leading to dysfunction and discomfort.
- Repetitive Stress or Overuse – Activities such as running, weightlifting, or prolonged standing can strain the SI joint over time.
- Inflammatory Conditions – Autoimmune disorders like psoriatic arthritis or rheumatoid arthritis can affect the SI joint, causing chronic inflammation.
Symptoms of Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Common symptoms of SI joint pain include–
- Lower back pain, often on one side
- Pain in the buttocks, hips, or thighs
- Discomfort when sitting, standing, or changing positions
- Stiffness and reduced range of motion in the lower back
- Pain that worsens with prolonged activity or inactivity
Diagnosis
Diagnosing SI joint pain can be challenging since symptoms often overlap with other lower back issues. Your healthcare professional may perform the following tests to help diagnose-
- Physical Examination – Assessing posture, gait, and specific movement tests to identify SI joint dysfunction.
- Imaging Tests – X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans can help rule out other conditions like herniated discs or spinal stenosis.
- Diagnostic Injections – Injecting a local anesthetic into the SI joint can confirm if it is the source of pain.
Treatment Options for Sacroiliac Joint Pain
Treatment for SI joint pain depends on the severity and underlying cause.
Common approaches include-
NON-SURGICAL TREATMENTS
- Rest and Activity Modification – Avoiding activities that exacerbate pain and incorporating gentle movement to prevent stiffness.
- Physical therapy – Strengthening core and pelvic muscles to support SI joint stability. Also gentle adjustments and soft tissue therapy to help improve alignment and reduce pain.
- Pain Medications – Over-the-counter NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen) help reduce inflammation and pain.
- SI Joint Bracing – A pelvic brace can provide additional support and limit excessive joint movement.
- Steroid Injections – Corticosteroid injections into the SI joint can provide temporary relief by reducing inflammation.
SURGICAL INTERVENTION
If conservative treatments fail, surgical options such as SI joint fusion may be considered but are rarely warranted. This procedure involves fusing the joint with screws or implants to limit movement and alleviate pain. These procedures are extremely rare and are usually only performed in cases of severe trauma or disease processes and generally speaking, are best avoided.
Lifestyle Modifications to help Prevent SI Joint Pain
To prevent SI joint pain or reduce recurrence, consider-
- Maintaining good posture and body mechanics
- Good breathing and relaxation techniques to reduce muscle tension
- Engaging in regular stretching and strengthening exercises
- Avoiding prolonged sitting or standing
- Using proper footwear to support lower back alignment
- Managing underlying conditions like arthritis or inflammation
Physical Therapy at Sandgate Physical Health Clinic
Sacroiliac joint pain can significantly impact daily life, however with proper diagnosis and treatment, most people can find relief. A combination of lifestyle adjustments, Physical therapy, and medical interventions can help manage symptoms and improve mobility.
If you are experiencing persistent lower back pain, BOOK AN APPOINTMENT ONLINE with one of our experienced team of Physiotherapists for an accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plan.